{"id":37330,"date":"2026-01-12T15:10:10","date_gmt":"2026-01-12T07:10:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/?p=37330"},"modified":"2026-01-15T19:45:41","modified_gmt":"2026-01-15T11:45:41","slug":"a-practical-guide-to-prevent-pcb-bom-errors-before-assembly","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/es\/technical-guides\/a-practical-guide-to-prevent-pcb-bom-errors-before-assembly\/","title":{"rendered":"Una gu\u00eda pr\u00e1ctica para prevenir errores en la lista de materiales de PCBs (BOM) antes del ensamblaje"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"37330\" class=\"elementor elementor-37330\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wd-negative-gap elementor-element elementor-element-6bff3ff e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"6bff3ff\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6abee4e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6abee4e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-de789ba color-scheme-inherit text-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"de789ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In 2024, I reviewed 112 failed PCBA batches across Nairobi, Shenzhen, and Budapest. In 79 cases, the PCB itself was perfect \u2013 but the board returned with wrong ICs, missing passives, or flipped diodes. The root cause? Not the pick-and-place machine, nor the operator.<\/p><p>The BOM file \u2013 misinterpreted, incomplete, or ambiguously formatted \u2013 had already doomed the run before the first reel even touched the feeder.<\/p><p>A BOM isn\u2019t just a parts list. It\u2019s a machine-readable contract between designer, procurement, and the assembly line. One missing MPN, one ambiguous \u201c10K\u201d entry, one unapproved alternate \u2013 and your 500-unit run becomes a $12,000 lesson in supply chain fragility.<\/p><p>This guide reveals what actually happens in the SMT line\u2019s MES (Manufacturing Execution System) \u2013 and how to build BOMs that survive real-world EMS workflows.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b8d21b1 wd-width-100 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wd_title\" data-id=\"b8d21b1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wd_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper wd-set-mb reset-last-child wd-title-color-primary wd-title-style-underlined wd-title-size-large text-left\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"liner-continer\">\n\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"woodmart-title-container title wd-fontsize-xxl\">Three BOM Myths That Get Boards Assembled Wrong<\/h2> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2e9bb49 wd-width-100 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wd_title\" data-id=\"2e9bb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wd_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper wd-set-mb reset-last-child wd-title-color-default wd-title-style-default wd-title-size-medium text-left\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"liner-continer\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"woodmart-title-container title wd-fontsize-xl\">1. \u201cIf It\u2019s in the Schematic, It\u2019s in the BOM\u201d<\/h3> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-57808ea color-scheme-inherit text-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"57808ea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Schematic tools can generate BOMs \u2013 but most default exports omit critical information:<\/p><ul><li>Approved alternates (critical for long-lead ICs)<\/li><li>Tolerance &amp; tempco for passives (1% vs. 5% affects yield)<\/li><li>Package orientation (e.g., \u201cPin 1 at top-left\u201d for QFNs)<\/li><\/ul><p><strong>Real Failure:<\/strong><\/p><p>A solar inverter used \u201c10\u202f\u00b5F\u201d capacitors. BOM said:<\/p><table><thead><tr><th>RefDes<\/th><th>Value<\/th><th>Footprint<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>C12<\/td><td>10\u202f\u00b5F<\/td><td>0805<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><p>EMS pulled 10\u202f\u00b5F\/6.3V\/X5R \u2013 rated for 85\u00b0C. Field units failed at 58\u00b0C ambient.<\/p><p><strong>Correct Spec:<\/strong><\/p><p>10\u202f\u00b5F\/25V\/X7R\/\u00b110%\/125\u00b0C<\/p><p><strong>Pro Fix:<\/strong><\/p><p>Enforce a 9-column BOM schema \u2013 minimum for EMS:<\/p><table><thead><tr><th><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Column<\/span><\/th><th><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Required?<\/span><\/th><th><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Example<\/span><\/th><th><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Why It Matters<\/span><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>RefDes<\/td><td>Yes<\/td><td>R1, R2, C7<\/td><td>Machine placement mapping<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>MPN (Manufacturer Part #)<\/td><td>\u2705 Critical<\/td><td>RC0805FR-0710KL<\/td><td>Eliminates \u201c10K\u201d ambiguity<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>MFG (Manufacturer)<\/td><td>Yes<\/td><td>Yageo, TI, Murata<\/td><td>Avoids counterfeit risk<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Description<\/td><td>Yes<\/td><td>\u201cRES 10K 1% 0805 1\/8W\u201d<\/td><td>Human-readable backup<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Footprint<\/td><td>Yes<\/td><td>0805, SOIC-8, QFN-32<\/td><td>Feeder setup &amp; vision library<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Tolerance<\/td><td>Yes (passives)<\/td><td>\u00b11%, \u00b15%<\/td><td>Functional performance<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Voltage\/Temperature<\/td><td>Yes (caps, diodes)<\/td><td>25V, X7R, 125\u00b0C<\/td><td>Reliability in field<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Approved Alternates<\/td><td>\u2705 Critical<\/td><td>MCR0125J103, CRGCQ0805F10K<\/td><td>Prevents line stoppage<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Notes<\/td><td>Optional<\/td><td>\u201cTape\/reel only\u201d, \u201cNo lead-free\u201d<\/td><td>Process constraints<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e9cdda2 wd-width-100 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wd_title\" data-id=\"e9cdda2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wd_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper wd-set-mb reset-last-child wd-title-color-default wd-title-style-default wd-title-size-medium text-left\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"liner-continer\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"woodmart-title-container title wd-fontsize-xl\">2. \u201c\u2018Do Not Populate\u2019 (DNP) Means Skip It\u201d<\/h3> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c7be3 color-scheme-inherit text-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"28c7be3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In Altium\/KiCad, setting DNP hides parts from the BOM \u2013 but not all tools handle this consistently:<\/p><ul><li><em>Eagle:<\/em> DNP parts still export unless manually filtered<\/li><li><em>OrCAD:<\/em> DNP = Populate = No \u2192 but CSV export may omit the column<\/li><\/ul><p><strong>Real log excerpt (EMS SMT line, 2025-03-12):<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e6b4101 elementor-widget elementor-widget-code-highlight\" data-id=\"e6b4101\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"code-highlight.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"prismjs-default copy-to-clipboard \">\n\t\t\t<pre data-line=\"\" class=\"highlight-height language-csharp line-numbers\">\n\t\t\t\t<code readonly=\"true\" class=\"language-csharp\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<xmp>[ERROR] 14:22:07 | Feeder #7 (C45\u2013C58) empty - reel not loaded\r\n[INFO]  C45\u2013C58 marked DNP in schematic - but BOM included them\r\n[STOP]  Line halted - operator verification required\r\n\u2192 47-minute delay. 22 boards hand-reworked.<\/xmp>\n\t\t\t\t<\/code>\n\t\t\t<\/pre>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dc5232a color-scheme-inherit text-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dc5232a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Pro Fix:<\/strong><\/p><p>Explicitly filter DNP in export<\/p><ul><li><em>KiCad:<\/em> File \u2192 Fabrication Outputs \u2192 BOM \u2192 [x] \u201cExclude DNP components\u201d<\/li><li><em>Altium:<\/em> Reports \u2192 Bill of Materials \u2192 [x] \u201cInclude only populated parts\u201d<\/li><li><em>CSV Post-Process:<\/em><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f2604aa elementor-widget elementor-widget-code-highlight\" data-id=\"f2604aa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"code-highlight.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"prismjs-default copy-to-clipboard \">\n\t\t\t<pre data-line=\"\" class=\"highlight-height language-markup line-numbers\">\n\t\t\t\t<code readonly=\"true\" class=\"language-markup\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<xmp>awk -F, '$10 != \"DNP\" {print}' bom.csv > bom_final.csv<\/xmp>\n\t\t\t\t<\/code>\n\t\t\t<\/pre>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c4454dd wd-width-100 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wd_title\" data-id=\"c4454dd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wd_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper wd-set-mb reset-last-child wd-title-color-default wd-title-style-default wd-title-size-medium text-left\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"liner-continer\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"woodmart-title-container title wd-fontsize-xl\">3. \u201cAlternates Are Just Backup Parts\u201d<\/h3> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-321cf00 color-scheme-inherit text-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"321cf00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Alternates aren\u2019t optional extras \u2013 they\u2019re risk mitigation. But EMS systems treat them differently:<\/p><ul><li><em>Tier-1 EMS (Flex, Jabil):<\/em> accepts ALT1 and ALT2 columns<\/li><li><em>Mid-tier EMS (JLCPCB, PCBWay):<\/em> requires a separate BOM for alternates<\/li><li><em>Local EMS:<\/em> may ignore alternates entirely \u2192 order only the primary MPN<\/li><\/ul><p><strong>Real Case:<\/strong><\/p><p>A 2024 IoT sensor used ESP32-WROOM-32U (MPN: ESP32-WROOM-32U). Primary MPN was out of stock. Alternates were:<\/p><table><thead><tr><th>ALT<\/th><th>Part<\/th><th>Notes<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>ALT1<\/td><td>ESP32-WROOM-32<\/td><td>\u26a0\ufe0f Pin-compatible, but <strong>no PCB antenna<\/strong> \u2013 RF failure risk<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ALT2<\/td><td>ESP32-WROVER-E<\/td><td>\u2705 Pin-compatible, +8MB PSRAM<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><p><strong>Problem:<\/strong><\/p><p>EMS picked ALT1 by default \u2013 but because it lacked a PCB antenna, the sensor experienced 100% RF failure in the field.<\/p><p><strong>Pro Fix:<\/strong><\/p><p>Encode compatibility rules in your BOM so EMS can see warnings before assembly. Example CSV structure:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-23e66ed elementor-widget elementor-widget-code-highlight\" data-id=\"23e66ed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"code-highlight.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"prismjs-default copy-to-clipboard \">\n\t\t\t<pre data-line=\"\" class=\"highlight-height language-markup line-numbers\">\n\t\t\t\t<code readonly=\"true\" class=\"language-markup\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<xmp>RefDes,MPN,MFG,Description,Footprint,ALT1,ALT1_Compat\r\nU1,ESP32-WROOM-32U,Espressif,\"ESP32 4MB Flash, PCB Ant\",WROOM-32,ESP32-WROOM-32,\"\u26a0\ufe0f NO ANTENNA - RF TEST REQUIRED\"\r\nU1,,,,,ESP32-WROVER-E,\"\u2705 Pin-compatible, +8MB PSRAM\"<\/xmp>\n\t\t\t\t<\/code>\n\t\t\t<\/pre>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4187364 color-scheme-inherit text-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4187364\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>ALT1_Compat column clearly tells EMS which alternates are safe and which are not<\/li><li>EMS sees the warning (\u26a0\ufe0f) \u2192 operator escalates or performs testing<\/li><li>Ensures risk mitigation and avoids assembly line failures<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5afd5a wd-width-100 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wd_title\" data-id=\"d5afd5a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wd_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper wd-set-mb reset-last-child wd-title-color-primary wd-title-style-underlined wd-title-size-large text-left\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"liner-continer\">\n\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"woodmart-title-container title wd-fontsize-xxl\">Excel, CSV, IPC-2581 \u2013 Which One Wins?<\/h2> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d1c771 color-scheme-inherit text-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6d1c771\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<table><thead><tr><th>Format<\/th><th>Pros<\/th><th>Cons<\/th><th>Best For<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Excel (.xlsx)<\/strong><\/td><td><em>Human-friendly; rich formatting<\/em><\/td><td>Parsing fails on special characters (e.g., \u00b5, \u03a9), and hidden rows can break scripts<\/td><td>Internal review, client handoff<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>CSV (UTF-8)<\/strong><\/td><td><em>Machine-readable; version-control friendly<\/em><\/td><td>No units (e.g., 10K vs. 10000) and potential encoding issues (Windows-1252 vs. UTF-8)<\/td><td>EMS upload, CI\/CD pipelines<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>IPC-2581 Embedded BOM<\/strong><\/td><td>Linked to Gerber\/netlist; full metadata<\/td><td>Only 41% of EMS support it (2025 IPC data); huge file size<\/td><td>Tier-1 aerospace\/medical<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><p><strong>Pro Insight:<\/strong><\/p><p>Always submit BOM in two formats:<\/p><ul><li>Project_BOM.xlsx \u2013 for human review (use color-coding, notes, avoid merged cells)<\/li><li>Project_BOM.csv \u2013 for EMS upload (UTF-8, no formulas, no merged cells)<\/li><\/ul><p><strong>CSV Validation Script (Run Before Upload):<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f6dfe7c elementor-widget elementor-widget-code-highlight\" data-id=\"f6dfe7c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"code-highlight.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"prismjs-default copy-to-clipboard \">\n\t\t\t<pre data-line=\"\" class=\"highlight-height language-bash line-numbers\">\n\t\t\t\t<code readonly=\"true\" class=\"language-bash\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<xmp>#!\/bin\/bash\r\n# bom_validate.sh\r\nfile=\"$1\"\r\necho \"\ud83d\udd0d Validating $file...\"\r\n\r\n# Check UTF-8\r\nif ! file -i \"$file\" | grep -q 'charset=utf-8'; then\r\n  echo \"\u274c FAIL: Not UTF-8 - may corrupt \u00b5, \u03a9, \u00b0\"\r\n  exit 1\r\nfi\r\n\r\n# Check for DNP parts\r\nif grep -i \"dnp\\|do not populate\" \"$file\"; then\r\n  echo \"\u26a0\ufe0f WARNING: DNP parts found - verify EMS policy\"\r\nfi\r\n\r\n# Check MPN completeness\r\nawk -F, 'NR>1 && ($2 == \"\" || $2 == \"TBD\") { print \"\u274c MISSING MPN: Line \" NR }' \"$file\"\r\n\r\necho \"\u2705 BOM ready for EMS.\"<\/xmp>\n\t\t\t\t<\/code>\n\t\t\t<\/pre>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b02fa4e wd-width-100 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wd_title\" data-id=\"b02fa4e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wd_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper wd-set-mb reset-last-child wd-title-color-primary wd-title-style-underlined wd-title-size-large text-left\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"liner-continer\">\n\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"woodmart-title-container title wd-fontsize-xxl\">Top 5 Silent BOM Errors<\/h2> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4f6a300 color-scheme-inherit text-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4f6a300\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<table><thead><tr><th><strong>Error<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>EMS Impact<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>Real Log Excerpt<\/strong><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u201c10K\u201d instead of MPN<\/strong><\/td><td>System picks cheapest 10K \u2013 often 5%, 1\/4\u202fW, 70\u202f\u00b0C<\/td><td><code>[WARN] C12: 10K (no MPN) \u2192 RC0805JR-0710KL (5%, 70\u202f\u00b0C)<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Missing footprint column<\/strong><\/td><td>Vision system can\u2019t locate part \u2192 placement offset<\/td><td><code>[ERROR] U3 (SOIC-8): Footprint not in library \u2013 skipped<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Alternate without compatibility note<\/strong><\/td><td>Wrong alt used \u2192 functional failure<\/td><td><code>[INFO] U1: ESP32-WROOM-32 substituted (no RF test)<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Units in value field<\/strong><\/td><td>Parser drops \u201c\u00b5\u201d \u2192 10\u00b5F = 10F (unitless)<\/td><td><code>[ALERT] C5: Value=10\u00b5F \u2192 parsed as 10 (unitless)<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Unapproved \u201cgeneric\u201d parts<\/strong><\/td><td>EMS substitutes \u2013 no accountability<\/td><td><code>[ACTION] R1\u2013R10: \u201cRES 1K\u201d \u2192 Yageo RC0603JR-071KL<\/code><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><p><strong>Pro Tip:<\/strong><\/p><p>Require EMS to send a BOM Cross-Check Report before assembly \u2013 it shows exactly what they ordered vs. what you specified, helping catch silent errors early.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-143dd7d wd-width-100 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wd_title\" data-id=\"143dd7d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wd_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper wd-set-mb reset-last-child wd-title-color-primary wd-title-style-underlined wd-title-size-large text-left\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"liner-continer\">\n\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"woodmart-title-container title wd-fontsize-xxl\">IPC-2581 BOM \u2013 When It Shines (and When It Fails)<\/h2> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2e2ec34 color-scheme-inherit text-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2e2ec34\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>IPC-2581 embeds the BOM as XML inside the main file:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-021bdbe elementor-widget elementor-widget-code-highlight\" data-id=\"021bdbe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"code-highlight.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"prismjs-default copy-to-clipboard \">\n\t\t\t<pre data-line=\"\" class=\"highlight-height language-xml line-numbers\">\n\t\t\t\t<code readonly=\"true\" class=\"language-xml\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<xmp><Component refDes=\"C12\" populated=\"true\">\r\n  <MPN>GRM21BR61E106KA12L<\/MPN>\r\n  <Manufacturer>Murata<\/Manufacturer>\r\n  <Description>10\u00b5F 25V X7R 1206<\/Description>\r\n  <Tolerance>\u00b110%<\/Tolerance>\r\n  <ApprovedAlternates>\r\n    <Alternate mpn=\"C2012X7R1E106K125AB\" mfg=\"TDK\" compat=\"\u2705\"\/>\r\n    <Alternate mpn=\"X5R1206106K250\" mfg=\"Yageo\" compat=\"\u26a0\ufe0f 85\u00b0C only\"\/>\r\n  <\/ApprovedAlternates>\r\n<\/Component><\/xmp>\n\t\t\t\t<\/code>\n\t\t\t<\/pre>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9d8231f color-scheme-inherit text-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9d8231f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>Full traceability: MPN \u2192 net \u2192 footprint<\/li><li>Enables automated DFM vs. BOM checks (e.g., \u201cIs this 0201 too close to a via?\u201d)<\/li><\/ul><p><strong>Risks:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>File size increases by ~300%<\/li><li>EMS may extract the BOM incorrectly (e.g., may drop alternates)<\/li><li>No Excel review possible without a CAM tool<\/li><\/ul><p><strong>Use IPC-2581 BOM if:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>Your EMS supports Valor NPI or CAM350 v18+<\/li><li>You run automated DFM in CI\/CD<\/li><li>Design IP security is not critical<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b3ffcdd wd-width-100 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wd_title\" data-id=\"b3ffcdd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wd_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper wd-set-mb reset-last-child wd-title-color-primary wd-title-style-underlined wd-title-size-large text-left\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"liner-continer\">\n\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"woodmart-title-container title wd-fontsize-xxl\">Final Checklist: BOM Submission Protocol<\/h2> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-33f7a67 color-scheme-inherit text-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"33f7a67\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ol><li><em>Format:<\/em> .xlsx for review + .csv for EMS \u2013 both in UTF-8<\/li><li><em>Columns:<\/em> 9 mandatory fields \u2013 RefDes, MPN, MFG, Description, Footprint, Tolerance, Voltage\/Temperature, Alternates, Notes<\/li><li><em>DNP:<\/em> Explicitly filtered; no hidden rows or columns<\/li><li><em>Units:<\/em> Avoid symbols in CSV; use uF, kOhm, degC<\/li><li><em>Alternates:<\/em> Documented with \u2705 \/ \u26a0\ufe0f \/ \u274c to indicate compatibility<\/li><li><em>Validation:<\/em> Run bom_validate.sh script and perform a manual spot-check<\/li><li><em>Pre-Assembly:<\/em> Require EMS to provide a BOM Cross-Check Report before assembly<\/li><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5e5baa3 wd-width-100 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wd_title\" data-id=\"5e5baa3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wd_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper wd-set-mb reset-last-child wd-title-color-primary wd-title-style-underlined wd-title-size-large text-left\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"liner-continer\">\n\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"woodmart-title-container title wd-fontsize-xxl\">Final Thoughts<\/h2> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7bbfb84 color-scheme-inherit text-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7bbfb84\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A BOM is not just documentation. It\u2019s executable intent \u2013 parsed by scripts, loaded into feeders, and trusted by operators who\u2019ve never seen your schematic. The most resilient designs treat the BOM not as an output, but as a critical interface \u2013 rigorously specified, defensively formatted, and relentlessly validated.<\/p><p>In assembly, there\u2019s no Ctrl+Z \u2013 only rework, scrap, and the quiet hum of a line that should have run smoothly.<\/p><p>\ud83d\udca1 Partnering with a trusted EMS like <a href=\"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/\">PCBCool<\/a> ensures your BOM is handled with precision and accountability. From PCB fabrication to full assembly, our team rigorously reviews, validates, and executes your BOM to minimize errors and maximize first-pass yield.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"wd-negative-gap elementor-element elementor-element-1620e06 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"1620e06\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-002415e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"002415e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d03ca06 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d03ca06\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9c373aa wd-width-100 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wd_title\" data-id=\"9c373aa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wd_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper wd-set-mb reset-last-child wd-title-color-primary wd-title-style-underlined wd-title-size-large text-left\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"liner-continer\">\n\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"woodmart-title-container title wd-fontsize-xxl\">Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)<\/h2> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a8ce272 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wd_accordion\" data-id=\"a8ce272\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wd_accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"wd-accordion wd-style-default wd-titles-left wd-opener-pos-left wd-opener-style-arrow\" data-state=\"first\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wd-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wd-accordion-title wd-role-btn wd-active\" data-accordion-index=\"0\" tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wd-accordion-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tQ1: How Do I Check If My BOM Is EMS-Ready?\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"wd-accordion-opener\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wd-accordion-content wd-entry-content wd-active\" data-accordion-index=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A: Ensure all RefDes, MPNs, manufacturers, footprints, tolerances, voltage\/temp, DNP, and alternates are complete. Save as UTF-8 CSV for upload.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wd-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wd-accordion-title wd-role-btn\" data-accordion-index=\"1\" tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wd-accordion-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tQ2: What\u2019s The #1 Silent BOM Mistake?\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"wd-accordion-opener\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wd-accordion-content wd-entry-content\" data-accordion-index=\"1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A: Generic values like \u201c10K\u201d instead of full MPNs. Even one missing footprint or tolerance can halt the line.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wd-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wd-accordion-title wd-role-btn\" data-accordion-index=\"2\" tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wd-accordion-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tQ3: How Should I Document Alternates?\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"wd-accordion-opener\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wd-accordion-content wd-entry-content\" data-accordion-index=\"2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A: Always indicate compatibility with \u2705 \/ \u26a0\ufe0f \/ \u274c and clarify limitations. Never assume EMS will interpret them correctly.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wd-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wd-accordion-title wd-role-btn\" data-accordion-index=\"3\" tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wd-accordion-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tQ4: Should I Always Use IPC-2581 BOM?\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"wd-accordion-opener\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wd-accordion-content wd-entry-content\" data-accordion-index=\"3\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A: Only for high-reliability or tier-1 production. For most runs, Excel + CSV is safer and easier to review.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wd-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wd-accordion-title wd-role-btn\" data-accordion-index=\"4\" tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wd-accordion-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tQ5: How Do I Prevent DNP Parts From Causing Errors?\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"wd-accordion-opener\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wd-accordion-content wd-entry-content\" data-accordion-index=\"4\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A: Explicitly filter DNP in your export and double-check CSV before submission; never rely on default schematic export.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wd-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wd-accordion-title wd-role-btn\" data-accordion-index=\"5\" tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wd-accordion-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tQ6: What\u2019s The Simplest Way To Reduce First-Pass Assembly Failures?\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"wd-accordion-opener\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wd-accordion-content wd-entry-content\" data-accordion-index=\"5\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A: Validate the BOM early, run scripts like bom_validate.sh, confirm alternates, DNPs, and units, and request a pre-assembly BOM cross-check from your EMS.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c6c6ce4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"c6c6ce4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\">\t\t\t<link rel=\"stylesheet\" id=\"elementor-post-35582-css\" href=\"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/css\/post-35582.css?ver=1780518828\" type=\"text\/css\" media=\"all\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"35582\" class=\"elementor elementor-35582\" data-elementor-post-type=\"cms_block\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wd-negative-gap elementor-element elementor-element-f6159f8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"f6159f8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a03266c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a03266c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-09accce e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"09accce\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-773405d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"773405d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"250\" src=\"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/wp-content\/themes\/woodmart\/images\/lazy.svg\" data-src=\"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/George.jpg\" class=\" wd-lazy-fade attachment-full size-full wp-image-35271\" alt=\"George\" srcset=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/George.jpg 250w, https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/George-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 250px) 100vw, 250px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-39912a8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"39912a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b1b555d wd-width-100 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wd_title\" data-id=\"b1b555d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wd_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper wd-set-mb reset-last-child wd-title-color-default wd-title-style-default wd-title-size-default text-left\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"liner-continer\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"woodmart-title-container title wd-fontsize-l\">George | Electrical Engineer and Embedded Systems Specialist<\/div> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0a641fa e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0a641fa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d15406f color-scheme-inherit text-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d15406f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>George is a certified electrical engineer with experience in PCB design, embedded systems, and IoT hardware development. He works with PCBCool to turn real engineering experience into practical guides for developers and engineers.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b70a6bd elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"b70a6bd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"custom-btn-wrapper\">\r\n  <a href=\"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/author\/george\/\" class=\"custom-btn\">Read More Articles by George \u2192<\/a>\r\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Aprenda a prevenir errores en las listas de materiales (BOM) de PCB antes del ensamblaje. Esta gu\u00eda pr\u00e1ctica explica los formatos de BOM listos para EMS, los alternativos, el manejo de DNP y las trampas del mundo real en SMT.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":37362,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"slim_seo":{"title":"Una gu\u00eda pr\u00e1ctica para prevenir errores en la lista de materiales (BOM) de PCB antes del ensamblaje | PCBCool","description":"Aprenda a prevenir errores en las listas de materiales (BOM) de PCB antes del ensamblaje. Esta gu\u00eda pr\u00e1ctica explica los formatos de BOM listos para EMS, los alternativos, el manejo de DNP y las trampas del mundo real en SMT."},"footnotes":""},"categories":[113],"tags":[123],"post_folder":[],"class_list":["post-37330","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-technical-guides","tag-pcb-assembly"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37330","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=37330"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37330\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/37362"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37330"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=37330"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=37330"},{"taxonomy":"post_folder","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/post_folder?post=37330"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}