{"id":43788,"date":"2026-03-26T18:01:52","date_gmt":"2026-03-26T10:01:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/?p=43788"},"modified":"2026-03-26T18:22:17","modified_gmt":"2026-03-26T10:22:17","slug":"what-is-fr-4-material-in-pcb","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/de\/technical-guides\/what-is-fr-4-material-in-pcb\/","title":{"rendered":"Was ist FR-4-Material in Bezug auf Leiterplatten (PCBs)?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"43788\" class=\"elementor elementor-43788\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wd-negative-gap elementor-element elementor-element-6bff3ff e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"6bff3ff\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6abee4e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6abee4e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-de789ba color-scheme-inherit text-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"de789ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In the world of electronics, there\u2019s one material that often goes unnoticed\u2014FR-4. As the go-to substrate for PCB, FR-4 plays a crucial role in everything from DIY electronics projects to professional PCB manufacturing. Whether you\u2019re picking materials for a new design or simply curious about what makes PCB tick, FR-4 is at the heart of it all.<\/p><p>In this article, we\u2019ll take you through everything you need to know about FR-4\u2014from its basic definition and key performance characteristics to its role in manufacturing processes. By the end, whether you\u2019re an electronics enthusiast, a beginner engineer, or a PCB industry professional, you\u2019ll have a solid grasp of FR-4 material in PCB.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ad55c8 wd-width-100 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wd_title\" data-id=\"5ad55c8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wd_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper wd-set-mb reset-last-child wd-title-color-primary wd-title-style-underlined wd-title-size-large text-left\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"liner-continer\">\n\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"woodmart-title-container title wd-fontsize-xxl\">What Is FR-4<\/h2> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e8374d2 color-scheme-inherit text-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e8374d2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>FR-4 (sometimes written as FR4) is a widely used material for PCB. It\u2019s a composite made by combining woven fiberglass cloth with flame-retardant epoxy resin, giving it both strength and electrical insulation.<\/p><p>The name \u201cFR-4\u201d comes from:<\/p><ul><li><em>FR<\/em> \u2013 short for Flame Retardant, meaning the material resists burning and can self-extinguish if ignited.<\/li><li><em>4<\/em> \u2013 originally a NEMA designation, often associated with its flame-retardant rating. In practice, FR-4 materials typically meet UL 94 V-0 standards, which is one of the strictest flame-retardant ratings for plastics.<\/li><\/ul><p>In PCB, FR-4 serves three key purposes:<\/p><ul><li><em>Electrical insulation and structural support<\/em> \u2013 FR-4 isolates copper traces and component leads, preventing short circuits. At the same time, it acts as the PCB\u2019s backbone, supporting all components and copper layers to maintain structural integrity.<\/li><li><em>Heat management<\/em> \u2013 Electronic components generate heat during operation. While FR-4 isn\u2019t highly thermally conductive, it helps spread heat across the board, reducing hotspots and allowing heat to be dissipated through heatsinks or enclosures.<\/li><li><em>Mechanical protection<\/em> \u2013 FR-4 offers strength and toughness. It withstands high soldering temperatures, assembly pressure, and minor impacts or vibrations, keeping circuits and components safe during manufacturing and everyday use.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-da44cb8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"da44cb8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"624\" height=\"386\" src=\"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/wp-content\/themes\/woodmart\/images\/lazy.svg\" data-src=\"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/From-FR-4-Substrate-Material-to-FR-4-PCB.jpg\" class=\"wd-lazy-fade attachment-full size-full wp-image-43853\" alt=\"From FR 4 Substrate Material to FR 4 PCB\" srcset=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/From-FR-4-Substrate-Material-to-FR-4-PCB.jpg 624w, https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/From-FR-4-Substrate-Material-to-FR-4-PCB-150x93.jpg 150w, https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/From-FR-4-Substrate-Material-to-FR-4-PCB-600x371.jpg 600w, https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/From-FR-4-Substrate-Material-to-FR-4-PCB-400x247.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b8d21b1 wd-width-100 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wd_title\" data-id=\"b8d21b1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wd_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper wd-set-mb reset-last-child wd-title-color-primary wd-title-style-underlined wd-title-size-large text-left\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"liner-continer\">\n\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"woodmart-title-container title wd-fontsize-xxl\">Key Components of FR-4<\/h2> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-425b672 wd-width-100 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wd_title\" data-id=\"425b672\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wd_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper wd-set-mb reset-last-child wd-title-color-default wd-title-style-default wd-title-size-medium text-left\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"liner-continer\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"woodmart-title-container title wd-fontsize-xl\">Epoxy Resin: The Glue That Holds It Together<\/h3> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3011a07 color-scheme-inherit text-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3011a07\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Epoxy resin is the main bonding material in FR-4, making up roughly 40% to 60% of the material\u2019s weight. Its job is to hold the fiberglass layers together while providing electrical insulation and heat resistance.<\/p><p>The type of epoxy resin used affects important properties like glass transition temperature (Tg), heat tolerance, and high-frequency performance.<\/p><p>Common types of epoxy resin include:<\/p><ul><li>Bisphenol A<\/li><li>Bisphenol F<\/li><li>Phenolic-modified epoxy resin<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-003a019 wd-width-100 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wd_title\" data-id=\"003a019\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wd_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper wd-set-mb reset-last-child wd-title-color-default wd-title-style-default wd-title-size-medium text-left\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"liner-continer\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"woodmart-title-container title wd-fontsize-xl\">Fiberglass Cloth: The Material\u2019s Skeleton<\/h3> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fd60c7 color-scheme-inherit text-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6fd60c7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Fiberglass cloth acts as the reinforcement in FR-4, usually accounting for about 30% to 50% of the weight. It gives the material mechanical strength, toughness, and dimensional stability, preventing deformation or cracking under heat or mechanical stress.<\/p><p>Common fiberglass cloth types include:<\/p><ul><li><em>1080:<\/em> relatively thin, ideal for slim PCB<\/li><li><em>2116:<\/em> most commonly used, suitable for standard boards<\/li><li><em>3013:<\/em> thicker, used for high-strength or thicker boards<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a56436b wd-width-100 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wd_title\" data-id=\"a56436b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wd_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper wd-set-mb reset-last-child wd-title-color-default wd-title-style-default wd-title-size-medium text-left\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"liner-continer\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"woodmart-title-container title wd-fontsize-xl\">Copper Foil: Making FR-4 Ready for PCB<\/h3> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0817971 color-scheme-inherit text-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0817971\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Technically, FR-4 itself doesn\u2019t include copper. In practice, however, FR-4 is often supplied in two forms:<\/p><ul><li><em>FR-4 substrate<\/em> \u2013 just the base material without copper<\/li><li><em>FR-4 copper clad laminate (CCL)<\/em> \u2013 FR-4 laminated with copper foil, ready for PCB manufacturing<\/li><\/ul><p>Typically, boards thinner than 0.5 mm are supplied as copper clad laminates, while thicker boards are usually bare FR-4 substrate.<\/p><p>Common copper foil options include:<\/p><ul><li><em>By process:<\/em> electrolytic copper foil (ED), rolled annealed copper foil (RA)<\/li><li><em>By thickness:<\/em> 1 oz (~35 \u03bcm), 2 oz (~70 \u03bcm), 3 oz (~105 \u03bcm)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-74d9c3d wd-width-100 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wd_title\" data-id=\"74d9c3d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wd_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper wd-set-mb reset-last-child wd-title-color-primary wd-title-style-underlined wd-title-size-large text-left\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"liner-continer\">\n\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"woodmart-title-container title wd-fontsize-xxl\">FR-4 Performance at a Glance<\/h2> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eb15ee8 wd-width-100 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wd_title\" data-id=\"eb15ee8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wd_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper wd-set-mb reset-last-child wd-title-color-default wd-title-style-default wd-title-size-medium text-left\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"liner-continer\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"woodmart-title-container title wd-fontsize-xl\">Tg (Glass Transition Temperature) \u2013 The Most Critical Factor<\/h3> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed658c4 color-scheme-inherit text-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ed658c4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tg is the temperature where FR-4 starts to soften and lose stiffness. Beyond this point, its mechanical strength and insulation drop, and the board may deform. Tg essentially sets the PCB\u2019s heat tolerance and safe operating temperature.<\/p><ul><li><em>Standard FR-4:<\/em> Tg \u2265 130\u00b0C, good for general electronics, standard soldering (reflow 220\u2013240\u00b0C), operating temperature \u2264120\u00b0C<\/li><li><em>Mid-Tg FR-4:<\/em> Tg \u2265 150\u00b0C, for slightly hotter applications like automotive electronics, reflow 240\u2013260\u00b0C, operating \u2264140\u00b0C<\/li><li><em>High-Tg FR-4:<\/em> Tg \u2265 170\u00b0C, for high-power equipment, reflow 260\u2013280\u00b0C, operating \u2264160\u00b0C<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1d6b7d7 wd-width-100 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wd_title\" data-id=\"1d6b7d7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wd_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper wd-set-mb reset-last-child wd-title-color-default wd-title-style-default wd-title-size-medium text-left\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"liner-continer\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"woodmart-title-container title wd-fontsize-xl\">Td (Thermal Decomposition Temperature) \u2013 Backup Heat Rating<\/h3> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-337a1a7 color-scheme-inherit text-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"337a1a7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Td is the temperature at which FR-4 starts to break down and carbonize under heat. Higher Td means the material can tolerate heat longer without aging or damage.<\/p><ul><li><em>Standard FR-4:<\/em> Td \u2265 300\u00b0C, handles short-term heat like reflow soldering; long-term high temps accelerate aging<\/li><li><em>High-Tg FR-4:<\/em> Td \u2265 350\u00b0C, suitable for higher short-term heat and extended use in hot environments<\/li><\/ul><blockquote><p>Td must always exceed the reflow temperature. Otherwise, FR-4 may decompose during soldering, causing delamination or PCB damage.<\/p><\/blockquote>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc7d66b wd-width-100 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wd_title\" data-id=\"cc7d66b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wd_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper wd-set-mb reset-last-child wd-title-color-default wd-title-style-default wd-title-size-medium text-left\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"liner-continer\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"woodmart-title-container title wd-fontsize-xl\">Dielectric Constant (Dk) &amp; Dissipation Factor (Df) \u2013 High-Frequency Performance<\/h3> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8665456 color-scheme-inherit text-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8665456\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Dk affects signal speed and impedance. Lower Dk = faster signal propagation.<\/p><p>Df measures energy loss in an electric field. Lower Df = less signal attenuation.<\/p><ul><li><em>Standard FR-4:<\/em> Dk \u2248 4.2\u20134.8 (1 MHz), Df \u2248 0.015\u20130.025; works well for low-frequency or general circuits<\/li><li><em>Low-loss FR-4:<\/em> Dk \u2248 3.8\u20134.2, Df \u2264 0.015 (GHz range); ideal for WiFi, Bluetooth, and other mid-to-high frequency circuits<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"wd-negative-gap elementor-element elementor-element-eb8fc32 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"eb8fc32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b1d950a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b1d950a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0be980e wd-width-100 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wd_title\" data-id=\"0be980e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wd_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper wd-set-mb reset-last-child wd-title-color-primary wd-title-style-underlined wd-title-size-large text-left\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"liner-continer\">\n\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"woodmart-title-container title wd-fontsize-xxl\">How FR-4 Stacks Up Against Other PCB Substrates<\/h2> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6faffff color-scheme-inherit text-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6faffff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<table><thead><tr><th>Substrat<\/th><th>Key Traits<\/th><th>Typical Applications<\/th><th>How It Differs from FR-4<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>FR-4<\/strong><\/td><td>Good insulation, strong mechanical strength, decent heat resistance, excellent cost-performance<\/td><td>Consumer electronics, industrial equipment, general-purpose PCB<\/td><td>Balanced performance and affordability; most widely used<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Rogers<\/strong><\/td><td>Excellent high-frequency performance, low signal loss, high heat resistance<\/td><td>High-frequency communication devices (5G, radar, RF modules)<\/td><td>Outperforms FR-4 at high frequencies, but 5\u201310\u00d7 more expensive<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>PTFE<\/strong><\/td><td>Outstanding high-frequency performance, corrosion-resistant, excellent insulation<\/td><td>High-end RF equipment, military, aerospace<\/td><td>Superior performance, very costly, and more difficult to process<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>PI (Polyimide)<\/strong><\/td><td>Flexible, heat-resistant, lightweight<\/td><td>Flexible PCB (foldable phones, wearables)<\/td><td>Much more flexible than FR-4, but lower rigidity and higher cost<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Paper-based (FR-1 \/ FR-2)<\/strong><\/td><td>Low cost, average insulation, limited heat resistance<\/td><td>Simple electronics (toys, basic remote controls)<\/td><td>Lower performance than FR-4; gradually being replaced<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"wd-negative-gap elementor-element elementor-element-37b30aa e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"37b30aa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e6c181b wd-width-100 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wd_title\" data-id=\"e6c181b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wd_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper wd-set-mb reset-last-child wd-title-color-primary wd-title-style-underlined wd-title-size-large text-left\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"liner-continer\">\n\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"woodmart-title-container title wd-fontsize-xxl\">How FR-4 Copper Clad Laminates Are Made<\/h2> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a6f66ba wd-width-100 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wd_title\" data-id=\"a6f66ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wd_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper wd-set-mb reset-last-child wd-title-color-default wd-title-style-default wd-title-size-medium text-left\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"liner-continer\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"woodmart-title-container title wd-fontsize-xl\">1. Preparing the Raw Materials<\/h3> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-987f431 color-scheme-inherit text-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"987f431\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The first step is selecting and preparing the core materials: epoxy resin, fiberglass cloth, and copper foil. Proper treatment at this stage ensures the quality of the final laminate.<\/p><ul><li><em>Epoxy resin:<\/em> Choose high-purity resin, mix in curing agents and flame retardants as needed, and ensure a uniform solution.<\/li><li><em>Fiberglass cloth:<\/em> Select the right type, then degrease and dry it to remove impurities and moisture for better bonding with the resin.<\/li><li><em>Copper foil:<\/em> Use foil with a smooth surface and consistent thickness. Surface treatments like roughening or passivation improve adhesion and prevent delamination.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7db59c3 wd-width-100 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wd_title\" data-id=\"7db59c3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wd_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper wd-set-mb reset-last-child wd-title-color-default wd-title-style-default wd-title-size-medium text-left\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"liner-continer\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"woodmart-title-container title wd-fontsize-xl\">2. Resin Impregnation and Drying<\/h3> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-056e164 color-scheme-inherit text-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"056e164\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The fiberglass cloth is soaked in the prepared epoxy solution, allowing it to fully absorb the resin. The sheets are then dried to remove moisture and solvents, forming prepreg (PP sheets).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a4d831 wd-width-100 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wd_title\" data-id=\"7a4d831\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wd_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper wd-set-mb reset-last-child wd-title-color-default wd-title-style-default wd-title-size-medium text-left\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"liner-continer\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"woodmart-title-container title wd-fontsize-xl\">3. Lay-Up: Stacking Layers<\/h3> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc6aae3 color-scheme-inherit text-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cc6aae3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Next, the prepreg sheets and copper foil are stacked according to the desired thickness and layer count:<\/p><ul><li><em>Single-layer FR-4:<\/em> Copper foil + prepreg + copper foil (double-sided)<\/li><li><em>Multilayer FR-4:<\/em> Alternate layers of prepreg and copper foil. Inner-layer PCB with pre-etched circuits can be inserted to form multilayer laminates.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dc496c5 wd-width-100 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wd_title\" data-id=\"dc496c5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wd_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper wd-set-mb reset-last-child wd-title-color-default wd-title-style-default wd-title-size-medium text-left\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"liner-continer\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"woodmart-title-container title wd-fontsize-xl\">4. Hot Press Lamination<\/h3> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8fbd843 color-scheme-inherit text-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8fbd843\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>This is the most critical step. The stacked materials are pressed under heat and pressure to cure the epoxy and bond the layers.<\/p><ul><li><em>Temperature:<\/em> Around 160\u2013180\u00b0C to cure the resin and bond fiberglass and copper<\/li><li><em>Pressure:<\/em> 1.5\u20133.0 MPa to eliminate voids and ensure tight bonding<\/li><li><em>Zeit:<\/em> 60\u2013120 minutes, depending on thickness and layer count<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-86dc61f wd-width-100 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wd_title\" data-id=\"86dc61f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wd_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper wd-set-mb reset-last-child wd-title-color-default wd-title-style-default wd-title-size-medium text-left\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"liner-continer\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"woodmart-title-container title wd-fontsize-xl\">5. Cooling and Cutting<\/h3> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-425a32c color-scheme-inherit text-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"425a32c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>After lamination, the boards are allowed to cool to room temperature. They are then cut into the required sizes, and edges are smoothed to remove burrs or defects.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d35b0b7 wd-width-100 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wd_title\" data-id=\"d35b0b7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wd_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper wd-set-mb reset-last-child wd-title-color-default wd-title-style-default wd-title-size-medium text-left\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"liner-continer\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"woodmart-title-container title wd-fontsize-xl\">6. Quality Inspection and Packaging<\/h3> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e3a75f2 color-scheme-inherit text-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e3a75f2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Every FR-4 laminate undergoes strict checks to ensure it meets performance standards:<\/p><ul><li><em>Visual inspection:<\/em> Look for bubbles, scratches, delamination, or uneven copper<\/li><li><em>Dimensional checks:<\/em> Verify thickness, layer count, and size accuracy<\/li><li><em>Electrical tests:<\/em> Measure insulation resistance, dielectric breakdown voltage, and other key parameters<\/li><\/ul><p>Once approved, the sheets are carefully packaged to protect them from moisture, dust, and damage during storage and shipping, ensuring they arrive ready for PCB manufacturing.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6cb5fc9 wd-width-100 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wd_title\" data-id=\"6cb5fc9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wd_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper wd-set-mb reset-last-child wd-title-color-primary wd-title-style-underlined wd-title-size-large text-left\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"liner-continer\">\n\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"woodmart-title-container title wd-fontsize-xxl\">Abschlie\u00dfende Gedanken<\/h2> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-89c33b9 color-scheme-inherit text-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"89c33b9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>FR-4 is a cornerstone of modern PCB design, offering a well-rounded mix of insulation, mechanical strength, heat resistance, and affordability. Its versatility makes it a go-to choice across consumer electronics, industrial equipment, automotive electronics, and more. Knowing how FR-4 is made and what properties it brings to the table helps engineers, hobbyists, and PCB professionals make smarter material choices and achieve reliable, high-quality boards.<\/p><p>Here at <a href=\"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/de\/\">PCBCool<\/a>, we support both hobbyists and businesses with <a href=\"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/de\/technologies\/fr-4-pcb\/\">FR-4 PCB solutions<\/a>. For commercial partners, we even provide free prototype samples so you can test and evaluate our FR-4 PCB or PCBA before committing to full production.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"wd-negative-gap elementor-element elementor-element-6fb8fca e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"6fb8fca\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9c373aa elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-hidden-mobile wd-width-100 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wd_title\" data-id=\"9c373aa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wd_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper wd-set-mb reset-last-child wd-title-color-primary wd-title-style-underlined wd-title-size-large text-left\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"liner-continer\">\n\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"woodmart-title-container title wd-fontsize-xxl\">H\u00e4ufig gestellte Fragen (FAQ)<\/h2> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f3571ad e-con-full elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-hidden-mobile e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f3571ad\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1bb72fd e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1bb72fd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a8ce272 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wd_accordion\" data-id=\"a8ce272\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wd_accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"wd-accordion wd-style-shadow wd-titles-left wd-opener-pos-left wd-opener-style-arrow\" data-state=\"all_closed\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wd-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wd-accordion-title wd-role-btn\" data-accordion-index=\"0\" tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wd-accordion-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIst Altium PCB Designer kostenlos?\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"wd-accordion-opener\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wd-accordion-content wd-entry-content\" data-accordion-index=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nein, Altium PCB Designer ist kostenpflichtig. Allerdings ist f\u00fcr Neuanwender eine kostenlose 30-t\u00e4gige Testversion verf\u00fcgbar.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8d5ce1b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8d5ce1b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2ef7d32 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wd_accordion\" data-id=\"2ef7d32\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wd_accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"wd-accordion wd-style-shadow wd-titles-left wd-opener-pos-left wd-opener-style-arrow\" data-state=\"all_closed\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wd-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wd-accordion-title wd-role-btn\" data-accordion-index=\"0\" tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wd-accordion-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tF5: Kann ich Altium f\u00fcr komplexe Leiterplattendesigns verwenden?\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"wd-accordion-opener\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wd-accordion-content wd-entry-content\" data-accordion-index=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ja, Altium ist sowohl f\u00fcr einfache als auch f\u00fcr komplexe Designs, einschlie\u00dflich Multilayer- und Hochfrequenz-Leiterplatten, ideal.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c6c6ce4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"c6c6ce4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\">\t\t\t<link rel=\"stylesheet\" id=\"elementor-post-36230-css\" href=\"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/css\/post-36230.css?ver=1781858034\" type=\"text\/css\" media=\"all\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"36230\" class=\"elementor elementor-36230\" data-elementor-post-type=\"cms_block\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wd-negative-gap elementor-element elementor-element-b29da14 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b29da14\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-daaf6b0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"daaf6b0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e3028c4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e3028c4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b85dd61 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b85dd61\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"194\" height=\"194\" src=\"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/wp-content\/themes\/woodmart\/images\/lazy.svg\" data-src=\"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Loki.jpg\" class=\"wd-lazy-fade attachment-full size-full wp-image-36233\" alt=\"Loki\" srcset=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Loki.jpg 194w, https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Loki-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 194px) 100vw, 194px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-35db7cb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"35db7cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a9b0585 wd-width-100 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wd_title\" data-id=\"a9b0585\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wd_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper wd-set-mb reset-last-child wd-title-color-default wd-title-style-default wd-title-size-default text-left\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"liner-continer\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"woodmart-title-container title wd-fontsize-l\">Loki | Spezialist f\u00fcr internationalen Handel und Leiterplattenfertigung<\/div> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e54326e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e54326e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-12b46da color-scheme-inherit text-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"12b46da\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Loki ist seit 2021 im internationalen Handel und in der Leiterplattenfertigung t\u00e4tig und verf\u00fcgt \u00fcber Erfahrung in der Leiterplattenherstellung, Montage und Kundenkommunikation. Bei PCBCool unterst\u00fctzt er die Ver\u00f6ffentlichung technischer Inhalte und hilft, Kundenanfragen mit dem zust\u00e4ndigen Account Manager zu verbinden, um eine effiziente Projektverfolgung zu gew\u00e4hrleisten.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-678d9e6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"678d9e6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"custom-btn-wrapper\">\r\n  <a href=\"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/de\/author\/ps_loki\/\" class=\"custom-btn\">Weitere Artikel von Loki lesen \u2192<\/a>\r\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Erfahren Sie, was FR-4-Material ist, seine Eigenschaften, seinen Herstellungsprozess und warum es f\u00fcr hochwertige Leiterplattendesigns in elektronischen und industriellen Anwendungen unerl\u00e4sslich ist.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":43852,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"slim_seo":{"title":"What Is FR-4 Material in PCB | PCBCool","description":"Erfahren Sie, was FR-4-Material ist, seine Eigenschaften, seinen Herstellungsprozess und warum es f\u00fcr hochwertige Leiterplattendesigns in elektronischen und industriellen Anwendungen unerl\u00e4sslich ist."},"footnotes":""},"categories":[113],"tags":[],"post_folder":[],"class_list":["post-43788","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-technical-guides"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43788","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=43788"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43788\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":43856,"href":"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43788\/revisions\/43856"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/43852"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=43788"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=43788"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=43788"},{"taxonomy":"post_folder","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pcbcool.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/post_folder?post=43788"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}